Poorer children in Blackburn with Darwen more likely to be excluded from school

Children are getting into trouble because their families cannot afford uniform and equipment, or are struggling to cope without food or at-home heating, says charity Just for Kids Law, which is calling for reform of a “deeply flawed” exclusions system.

Figures from the Department for Education show schools in Blackburn with Darwen excluded students eligible for free school meals 274 times during the 2019-20 academic year – 13 were permanent and 261 temporary.

It meant there were 5.2 exclusions for every 100 children entitled to the meals – a measure for children from poorer households.

This was more than three times higher than the rate for children not eligible for free school meals, which was 1.6 per cent.

The figures cover the 70 state-funded secondary, primary and special schools in Blackburn with Darwen.

Figures for the rest of Lancashire, which cover the 595 state-funded secondary, primary and special schools, showed that schools excluded students eligible for free school meals 2,457 times during the same academic year – 79 were permanent and 2,378 temporary.

That meant there were 8.2 exclusions for every 100 children entitled to the meals which was more than three times higher than the rate for children not eligible for free school meals, which was 2.2 per cent.

It was a similar picture across England, with the exclusion rate for children from poorer households at 9.5 per cent, compared to 2.6 per cent for those from better-off families.

Just for Kids Law, which provides help to families on legal processes, said exclusions worsened the situation for disadvantaged children, putting them further behind on their education and potentially leading them into crime.

Director of policy and campaigns, Louise King, said: "Too often we see children who have been excluded because of circumstances beyond their control – that includes children whose families have struggled to pay for the correct uniform and equipment, who have faced racial discrimination, and who are coping with the impact of going without essentials like food and heating.

"This can leave children feeling like they’ve been treated unfairly, pushing them further away from school and their learning."

She said the Government needed to provide better financial support to families, put in place behavioural support in schools and give children an opportunity to challenge "unfair decisions" on exclusions.

She added: "The Government needs to urgently reform the deeply flawed school exclusions system."

The National Association for Headteachers said schools were finding it "increasingly hard" to access support for vulnerable pupils, partly because of funding cuts to services such as behaviour support teams.

It said the Government needed to fund support of specialist services to meet every child’s needs.

Paul Whiteman, general secretary at the union, said: "Schools play a vital role in supporting children in this area but they can’t do it on their own."

Overall, Lancashire schools excluded pupils 5,615 times in 2019-20 – 162 of which were permanent, and 5,453 temporary.

In Blackburn with Darwen, schools excluded pupils 636 times in 2019-20 – 22 of which were permanent, and 614 temporary.

The figures for the academic year are not comparable to the previous year due to school closures caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

However, in the autumn term, before schools were closed as part of a national lockdown, there were 359 exclusions in Blackburn with Darwen, up significantly from 254 in the same term of the 2018-19 academic year; while there were 3,115 exclusions, down from 3,357 in the same term of the 2018-19 academic year.

Across England, the number of exclusions increased by 13 per cent year-on-year to 181,579 in the 2019-20 autumn term.

Guidance from the Department for Education states schools must not discriminate against pupils when deciding on an exclusion and should take into account any contributing factors.

A spokesperson said: “Our guidance for schools is clear that staff should consider any underlying causes of poor behaviour before taking the decision to permanently exclude, and these decisions must be lawful, reasonable and fair."